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Bittensor 101 / Subnets

Bittensor (TAO) subnets, explained

How subnets work, how they make money and how we invest

A subnet is a market for one kind of intelligence. Miners compete to do the work, validators score it, and the network pays the best results in TAO and the subnet's own token, which trades against TAO.

Bittensor (TAO)|Our view|Examples, not recommendations

Sovereign AI Economy

What’s a subnet?A competitive market on Bittensor for one AI job, like a company inside the network: miners compete to do the work, validators score it, and the best work gets paid.
Frontier labsAnthropic, OpenAI
A decentralized frontier labIOTA · Affine
NeocloudsGPU clouds for AI
A decentralized neocloudLium · Targon
Inference platformsModel APIs, pay per use
A decentralized model APIChutes · Engy
Cloud storageAmazon S3
Decentralized storageHippius
AI application startupsOne company per product
Decentralized applicationsScore · Minos · RedTeam
The whole AI stack, rebuilt as open markets. Every layer of centralized AI now has a decentralized counterpart on one network, with one currency at the center: every subnet token trades against TAO.

Real customers, real revenue|Stillcore estimates

A subnet replaces the product department

01 Define

The product

The operator defines what it wants as a set of incentive mechanisms.

02 Produce

The miners

Miners compete to make it, validators score it, and the chain pays the best work.

03 Sell

The operator

The operator’s job is to sell what the miners make.

04 Buy back

The token

Part of the revenue buys the subnet’s own token off the open market. Sell enough to offset every token emitted to miners and the subnet is subnet-profitable.

Subnet revenue run-rate (ARR), Stillcore estimates

$5mm2025ESTIMATE$65-75mmTODAYESTIMATE$100mm2026PROJECTION$1bn2027PROJECTION
EstimateProjection

The valuation gap, dated, not a forecast

Two labsTAO
$2.75tnAnthropic + OpenAI
$2.5bnBittensor (TAO)
1,100xThe gap
Because the chain, not the operator, pays the miners, the cost of failure is absorbed by the market, and the rewards of success are shared with the people who did the work.

How we invest

Selection, not passive exposure

Selection

High-conviction subnets

Active positions across infrastructure and applications, sized and rebalanced as the network changes.

Access

OTC deals with founders

Private, over-the-counter deals sourced through relationships across the ecosystem.

Liquidity

On-chain execution

On-chain liquidity kept for active management, with TAO as the reserve asset underneath.

We back subnets that can sell a product. We focus on subnets that can produce real revenue, back them actively rather than passively, and source many positions over the counter, directly from founders. About the fund.

Common questions

Subnets, explained

What is a Bittensor subnet?

A subnet is a market for one kind of AI work. The subnet owner defines the task and how it is scored, miners compete to do it, validators score the results with Yuma Consensus, and the chain pays the best work in new TAO and the subnet's own token.

What is an alpha token?

Each subnet has its own token, called an alpha token, that coordinates economic participation within the subnet. It trades against TAO in the subnet's on-chain pool, and miners earn it for their work, which gives them an ownership stake in the subnet they mine.

How do subnets make money?

A subnet sells the product its miners produce and uses part of the revenue to buy its own token on the open market, then burns it or holds it. A subnet that sells enough to offset all the tokens emitted to its miners is what we call subnet-profitable. As of July 2026, Bitcast (SN93) and Synth (SN50) reported having reached it.

What happens if a company running a subnet is acquired?

The acquirer has every reason to keep it running. A well-built subnet produces the product at no cost to the operator, and it keeps improving, so it works as the product department of the company that was just acquired.

How many subnets are there?

There were 128 subnets as of September 2026, with 256 slots on the roadmap. By our estimate, compute and inference subnets were bringing in about $50mm a year and applied subnets about $15mm.

How does Stillcore choose subnets?

We focus on subnets that can sell a product and produce real revenue, back them actively rather than passively, and source many positions over the counter, directly from founders. About the fund.

Contact

Let's talk.

Book a call with Rob Greer, Partner, to talk through the fund, our research or Bittensor (TAO). Or text / WhatsApp Rob at (551) 404-4064.

Book a call with Rob

For accredited investors only.